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tangled workflows

    
          Radar Lab (1940)

 Manhattan Project(1942)         Cybernetics (1943) 
                                          \                                          Memex (1945) 
                                           \
                                         Information Theory (1948)

                                          Sputnik (1957)------------------_
                      SAGE(1958)             /        \____NDEA(1958)      NASA_                                    -- Tech Model Railroad Club
                                            /                                Apollo                                /              |
     Intergalactic Network (1960s)         /       ThermonuclearWar(1960)            PDP1 (1959)----- SpaceWars (1962)----Stephen Russell(Slug)                   
                      \           \       /                                             \
                       \            \    /                               \---------------\------------------------------\
                        \             \ /                Colossal Typewriter (1960)----Expensive Typewriter (1961)---- TECO(1962)
                         \            / \__  Lickider                     \                                                                      Summer Of Love(1967)
                          \________  |               \_____________________\___BBN_____IMP------------------------------ ARPANET(1969)                        Woodstock(1969)
                                   \ |                                                                                        \____________Email(1971)
                  Project MAC ---  ARPA --- Project Genie (1964)(Berkeley)  DrStrangeLove(1964) Douglas Engelbart              \__________ Creeper (1971)
                        |         (1958)                |                \                     /    |            \__ (1968) mother of all demos 
                        |                               |                 SDS 940 (1966)----- NLS   \--- SRI         
          IBM 709--- CTSS(1961)---Corbato,J.Backus  BTSS(1964-67)------- /         \                    /
                              \__  ChristStrachey    /       \____                  \  -----------------|------- Community Memory (1973)(First BBS)    
          ______GE     BellLabs  \         |        /             \_QED(1966)         \                 |
         /        \     /          \- TimeSharing--/---DTSS(1963)           \          \ ------First ARPAnet host (10/1969)
     GE645_____Multics(1964)_______________|              |______BASIC       \
                                           \                                  \
                                            \    Dennis Ritchie--KenThompson uses QED
                                             \             /     (Develops CTSS's QED)
                            PDP7(1964) ------ UNIX(1969)--/

Kenneth Thompson obtained his M.S 1966 in University of Berkeley and worked on the SDS 940 while at Berkeley.

@, SDS
QED , BTSS , A People's History of Computing in the United States , @, SRI, ,Douglas Engelbart, Community Memory, Colossal Typewriter, On Thermonuclear War, Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution @, Evolution of Unix, D-Day and The Wizard War

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internet history

Before the widespread availability of Internet access, computers were only connected by smaller local area networks within a company or organization.

The first ARPANET Information Message Processor (IMP) was installed at UCLA on September 1, 1969.

The first sites of the ARPANET were picked to provide either network support services or unique resources. The key services the first four sites provided were:

  • UCLA - Network Measurement Center
  • SRI - Network Information Center
  • UCSB - Culler-Fried interactive mathematics
  • UTAH - graphics (hidden line removal)

They were also often equipped with modems so they could be used remotely from character-mode terminals via dial-up telephone lines.

The history of the Net begins in the 1960s with the establishment of the packet-switched networks. Packet-switching is a method of fragmenting messages into sub-parts called packets, routing them to their destinations, and reassembling them. Packetizing information has several advantages. It facilitates allowing several users to share the same connection by breaking up the data into discrete units which can be routed separately. Because no transmission medium is 100% reliable, packet-switching allows one "bad" packet to be re-sent while other "good" packets are uninterrupted in their transmission.

unix networking

Can we still use a modem to connect to another remote computer? Why ? Can we connect to another remote computer on top of a telephone connection ?

rlogin

rlogin is similar to the Telnet command, but is not as customizable and is able to connect only to Unix-like hosts.

telnet

w

Telnet is one of the oldest internet application (1969) 

$ telnet horizons.jpl.nasa.gov 6775
Horizons> NAME= Daedalus
JPL/HORIZONS               1864 Daedalus (1971 FA)         2024-Dec-24 07:35:17
Asteroid physical parameters (km, seconds, rotational period in hours):
   GM= n.a.                RAD= 1.85               ROTPER= 8.572
   H= 14.85                G= .150                 B-V= .830
                           ALBEDO= .273            STYP= Sr

rsh